Mini-symposium
Integrability and Mathematical Physics
in the frame of the International Conference “Mathematics Days in Sofia”
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Organizing Committee
George Papamikos (University of Essex, UK)
Georgi Boyadjiev (Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgaria)
Georgi Grahovski (University of Essex, UK)
Rossen Ivanov (Technological University Dublin, Ireland)
Participants
Alexander Stefanov, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Bulgaria
George Papamikos, University of Essex, UK
Georgi Boyadjiev, Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgaria
Georgi Grahovski, University of Essex, UK
Michail D. Todorov, Technical University of Sofia, Bulgaria
Nikola Stoilov, University of Burgundy, France
Panagiota Adamopoulou, Heriot Watt University, UK
Pavlos Kassotakis, University of Warsaw, Poland
Rossen Ivanov, Technological University Dublin, Ireland
Sotiris Konstantinou-Rizos, Yaroslavl University, Russia
Stoyan Mishev, New Bulgarian University, Bulgaria
Tihomir Valchev, Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgaria
Vladimir Gerdjikov, Institute of Mathematics and Informatics, Bulgaria
Program and Abstracts
Boussinesq’s equation (BE) was the first model for the propagation of surface waves over shallow inviscid fluid layer. He found an analytical solution of his equation and thus proved that the balance between the steepening effect of the nonlinearity and the flattening effect of the dispersion maintains the shape of the wave. This discovery can be properly termed ‘Boussinesq Paradigm.’ Apart from the significance for the shallow water flows, this paradigm is very important for understanding the particle-like behavior of nonlinear localized waves. As it should have been expected, most of the physical systems are not fully integrable (even in one spatial dimension) and only a numerical approach can lead to unearthing the pertinent physical mechanisms of the interactions. A different approach to removing the incorrectness is by changing the spatial fourth derivative to a mixed fourth derivative, which resulted into an equation know nowadays as the Regularized Long Wave Equation (RLWE) or Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation (BBME) In fact, the mixed derivative occurs naturally in Boussinesq derivation and was changed by Boussinesq to a fourth spatial derivative under an assumption that second temporal derivative is approximately equal to the second partial derivative,which is currently known as the ‘Linear Impedance Relation’ (or LIA). The LIA has produced innumerable instances of unphysical results.
The soliton hierarchies are characterised by a pair of Lax operators (L and M), which depend on a spectral parameter, usually involving finitely many positive and negative powers of the spectral parameter.
We present recent results on integrable systems arising from quadratic pencil of Lax operator L, with values in a Hermitian symmetric space. The counterpart operator M in the Lax pair defines positive, negative and rational flows, according to the dependence on the spectral parameter. The examples include extensions of the integrable Kaup-Newell, Gerdjikov-Ivanov, Fokas-Lenells equations, as well as new systems. The results are illustrated with examples from the A.III symmetric space. Our approach originates from the classical papers such as [1,2], see for example [3,4]
References:
[1] Fordy AP, Kulish PP, Nonlinear Schrödinger equations and simple Lie algebras, Commun. Math. Phys. 89 (1983) 427. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01214664 [2] Athorne C, Fordy A, Generalised KdV and MKdV equations associated with symmetric spaces, J Phys A: Math Gen. 20 (1987) 1377–86. https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/20/6/021. [3] Ivanov R, NLS-type equations from quadratic pencil of Lax operators: Negative flows, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 161 (2022) 112299, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2022.112299. [4] Gerdjikov VS and Ivanov R, Multicomponent Fokas–Lenells equations on Hermitian symmetric spaces, Nonlinearity 34 (2021) 939; ttps://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6544/abcc4b, arXiv:2104.00154 [nlin.SI]Set-theoretical solutions of the Pentagon relation, also referred to as Pentagon maps, turn to be essentially three-dimensional discrete integrable systems. In this talk we focus into a connection of the Pentagon maps with discrete integrability, via Lax pair formulation. In detail, we propose a specific class of matrices that participate to factorization problems that turn to be equivalent to constant and entwining (non-constant) Pentagon maps, expressed in totally non-commutative variables. We show that factorizations of order N = 2 matrices of this specific class, turn equivalent to the homogeneous normalization map, while from order N = 3 matrices we obtain an extension of the homogeneous normalization map, as well as novel entwining Pentagon, reverse-Pentagon and Yang-Baxter maps.
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